Oracle PL/SQL Procedures | Oracle PL/SQL Online Training
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Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn about PL/SQL procedure. We will show you how to create a PL/SQL procedure and how to call it.
Introduction to PL/SQL Procedure
Like a PL/SQL function, a PL/SQL procedure is a named block that does a specific task. PL/SQL procedure allows you to encapsulate complex business logic and reuse it in both database layer and application layer.
Syntax
The syntax to create a procedure in Oracle is:
CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name
[ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
IS
[declaration_section]
BEGIN
executable_section
[EXCEPTION
exception_section]
END [procedure_name];
When you create a procedure or function, you may define parameters. There are three types of parameters that can be declared:
- IN - The parameter can be referenced by the procedure or function. The value of the parameter can not be overwritten by the procedure or function.
- OUT - The parameter can not be referenced by the procedure or function, but the value of the parameter can be overwritten by the procedure or function.
- IN OUT - The parameter can be referenced by the procedure or function and the value of the parameter can be overwritten by the procedure or function.
Example
Let's look at an example of how to create a procedure in Oracle.
The following is a simple example of a procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE Procedure UpdateCourse
( name_in IN varchar2 )
IS
cnumber number;
cursor c1 is
SELECT course_number
FROM courses_tbl
WHERE course_name = name_in;
BEGIN
open c1;
fetch c1 into cnumber;
if c1%notfound then
cnumber := 9999;
end if;
INSERT INTO student_courses
( course_name,
course_number )
VALUES
( name_in,
cnumber );
commit;
close c1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
raise_application_error(-20001,'An error was encountered - '||SQLCODE||' -ERROR- '||SQLERRM);
END;
Top PL-SQL Interview Question and Answers for 2018
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